Every PCB is like a bustling miniature city: the electric current flows like nonstop traffic, and the electronic components are the lively citizens. When “traffic jams” occur, heat builds up quickly. Without proper thermal design, LEDs, CPUs, and power transistors can “overheat” and fail. A PCB isn’t just a circuit-connecting board—it also acts as the city’s “air-conditioning engineer.” Copper traces serve as high-speed distribution lanes, thermal vias function like air ducts, and the board material and metal backing work as invisible heat-dispelling magic. Combined with airflow management inside the enclosure, the PCB efficiently channels heat away, ensuring components perform reliably and quietly safeguarding the entire electronic system.