Machine tools are the cornerstone of modern manufacturing, holding an irreplaceable role in core industries such as aerospace, semiconductors, medical equipment, and renewable energy. As product designs become increasingly sophisticated and quality standards grow more stringent, traditional machining approaches are no longer sufficient. For this reason, the precise planning provided by CAD/CAM software, together with the stable high-speed cutting power of direct-drive spindles, has emerged as the foundation of high-precision machining. This article explores the synergy between software and hardware — from the digital blueprint created by CAD/CAM, to the precise execution enabled by direct-drive spindles, and finally to closed-loop control and global application trends — offering a comprehensive perspective on the technological developments shaping the machine tool industry.

The shaft in a machine tool is the axis of rotation in it, and most likely there will be a drive shaft in it.

Shaft parts are one typical part of machining. The shaft part is a rotating part whose length is greater than the diameter, and its surface is several outer cylindrical surfaces, conical surfaces, holes, and threads of the same axis.

The mechanical structure of the main drive system of the CNC machine tool has been greatly simplified, and the belt drive and gear drive have been canceled. Zero drive of the machine.